Go through these in order and stop at the first one that applies. If you are reading this for someone else, answer for them.
1
Is any of this happening now?
Call 911
Go to an emergency department immediately for:
Sudden or severe pain in a testicle or scrotum
Testicle pain with nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain
Rapid scrotal swelling or a testicle sitting unusually high
Sudden pain that has improved or disappeared
New scrotal swelling or discolouration in a newborn
Emergency assessment remains necessary even if symptoms followed an injury, started several hours ago, or seem less severe than expected.
Other emergency signs, for anyone
Someone who is struggling to breathe, gasping, choking, or cannot get words out
Someone who has chest pain, tightness or pressure lasting more than a few minutes
Someone who has sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face or body, slurred speech, or sudden confusion
Someone who is unconscious, or cannot be woken
Someone who is bleeding heavily and it will not stop with firm pressure
Someone who has had a seizure that will not stop, or does not wake up afterwards
Someone who has lips or skin that look pale, blue, grey or blotchy
Someone who you believe has taken an overdose or swallowed something poisonous
2
Is any of this happening?
Be seen today
Do not wait for a routine appointment or for the pain to settle.
Do not try to untwist the testicle yourself.
After surgery, seek urgent advice for rapidly worsening pain or swelling, heavy bleeding, pus from the wound, fever, difficulty passing urine, or feeling very unwell.
Routine follow-up is appropriate for questions about healing, return to activity, fertility, body image, or a prosthesis when there are no new urgent symptoms.
Every sign above is quoted from the sofidex article on Testicular torsion. If you are not sure, err upward — it is always reasonable to be checked.