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Warning-sign checks

Summer encephalitis: when to get help

Go through these in order and stop at the first one that applies. If you are reading this for someone else, answer for them.

  1. 1

    Is any of this happening now?

    Call 911

    Seek emergency medical care now for a person with fever or headache who develops:

    • New confusion, disorientation or unusual behaviour
    • A seizure
    • Severe drowsiness, difficulty waking or loss of consciousness
    • New weakness, trouble speaking or difficulty walking
    • Neck stiffness with fever
    • Breathing or swallowing difficulty
    Other emergency signs, for anyone
    • Someone who is struggling to breathe, gasping, choking, or cannot get words out
    • Someone who has chest pain, tightness or pressure lasting more than a few minutes
    • Someone who has sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face or body, slurred speech, or sudden confusion
    • Someone who is unconscious, or cannot be woken
    • Someone who is bleeding heavily and it will not stop with firm pressure
    • Someone who has had a seizure that will not stop, or does not wake up afterwards
    • Someone who has lips or skin that look pale, blue, grey or blotchy
    • Someone who you believe has taken an overdose or swallowed something poisonous
  2. 2

    Is any of this happening?

    Be seen today

    Do not wait for a planned appointment if these symptoms are present.

    Encephalitis and several conditions that resemble it need rapid hospital assessment.

    Seek prompt medical advice if recovery worsens, seizures recur or new neurological symptoms appear.

  3. 3

    Does any of this apply?

    Book an appointment

    After discharge, attend routine follow-up for persistent weakness, memory problems, mood or behaviour changes, swallowing difficulty, or problems returning to school or work.

    A person planning travel to an affected region can arrange a non-urgent travel health appointment to discuss vaccination and mosquito protection.

    This is best done before departure rather than after arriving.

Every sign above is quoted from the sofidex article on Summer encephalitis. If you are not sure, err upward — it is always reasonable to be checked.