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Warning-sign checks

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: when to get help

Go through these in order and stop at the first one that applies. If you are reading this for someone else, answer for them.

  1. 1

    Is any of this happening now?

    Call 911

    Get emergency help for difficulty breathing, severe confusion, fainting, unusual bleeding, a seizure, or a rapidly worsening illness.

    Persistent high fever with marked drowsiness, bruising, or severe weakness also needs emergency assessment because it may signal a serious infection or macrophage activation syndrome.

    Other emergency signs, for anyone
    • Someone who is struggling to breathe, gasping, choking, or cannot get words out
    • Someone who has chest pain, tightness or pressure lasting more than a few minutes
    • Someone who has sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face or body, slurred speech, or sudden confusion
    • Someone who is unconscious, or cannot be woken
    • Someone who is bleeding heavily and it will not stop with firm pressure
    • Someone who has had a seizure that will not stop, or does not wake up afterwards
    • Someone who has lips or skin that look pale, blue, grey or blotchy
    • Someone who you believe has taken an overdose or swallowed something poisonous
  2. 2

    Is any of this happening?

    Be seen today

    Contact the rheumatology or eye team promptly for a red or painful eye, light sensitivity, blurred vision, or a new change in vision.

    Do not wait for the next routine screening appointment.

    Seek urgent medical advice for a high fever in a child taking immune-suppressing treatment, especially if they appear unusually unwell.

    The treating service may have specific instructions about fever, infection, and whether a medicine should be delayed.

  3. 3

    Does any of this apply?

    Book an appointment

    Arrange a routine medical assessment for joint swelling, morning stiffness, an unexplained limp, or reduced joint movement that persists or keeps returning.

    A child with known JIA should also be reviewed if pain or stiffness is increasing, daily activities are becoming harder, or treatment side effects are suspected.

Every sign above is quoted from the sofidex article on Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. If you are not sure, err upward — it is always reasonable to be checked.