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Warning-sign checks

Agitation: when to get help

Go through these in order and stop at the first one that applies. If you are reading this for someone else, answer for them.

  1. 1

    Is any of this happening now?

    Call 911

    Call emergency services if agitation is accompanied by:

    • An immediate risk of harm to yourself or someone else
    • Severe confusion, collapse, a seizure, or inability to respond normally
    • Trouble breathing, chest pain, blue or grey lips, or stroke signs
    • Suspected poisoning, overdose, or severe alcohol or drug withdrawal
    • High fever with marked stiffness, sweating, or rapidly worsening symptoms
    Other emergency signs, for anyone
    • Someone who is struggling to breathe, gasping, choking, or cannot get words out
    • Someone who has chest pain, tightness or pressure lasting more than a few minutes
    • Someone who has sudden weakness or drooping on one side of the face or body, slurred speech, or sudden confusion
    • Someone who is unconscious, or cannot be woken
    • Someone who is bleeding heavily and it will not stop with firm pressure
    • Someone who has had a seizure that will not stop, or does not wake up afterwards
    • Someone who has lips or skin that look pale, blue, grey or blotchy
    • Someone who you believe has taken an overdose or swallowed something poisonous
  2. 2

    Is any of this happening?

    Be seen today

    Seek same-day medical care for new or unexplained agitation with fever, confusion, hallucinations, a recent medicine change, or a sudden major change in behavior.

    Sudden agitation in an older adult should also be assessed promptly because physical illness may be the cause.

    New agitation after childbirth needs urgent help when it occurs with severe sleeplessness, confusion, unusual beliefs, hallucinations, or unsafe behavior.

  3. 3

    Does any of this apply?

    Book an appointment

    Arrange a routine appointment if agitation keeps returning, lasts more than a few days, affects work or relationships, or regularly interferes with sleep.

    Also book an appointment if you think a medicine may be contributing.

    Do not stop a prescribed medicine suddenly unless a healthcare professional tells you to.

The article also says

Move away from weapons, traffic, heights, or other hazards if you can do so safely.

Do not drive yourself during severe agitation or confusion.

Every sign above is quoted from the sofidex article on Agitation. If you are not sure, err upward — it is always reasonable to be checked.